Growth Plate Height of Uremic Rats is Influenced by Severity and Duration of Renal Failure

Overview

Journal Pediatr Nephrol

Specialties Nephrology
Pediatrics

Date 2003 Dec 17

PMID 14677056

Citations 6

Authors

Marta Fernandez-Fuente

Fernando Santos

Eduardo Carbajo-Perez

Julian Rodriguez

Ana Weruaga

Benito Amil

Ines Molinos

Enrique Garcia

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

To understand the changes induced by uremia in the epiphyseal growth plate, two studies were performed in young rats. In study 1, the morphological features of the tibial growth cartilage of stunted rats with different degrees of reduction of renal function were analyzed 2 weeks after nephrectomy and compared with control rats. There was a negative ( r=-0.549, P<0.05) correlation between serum urea nitrogen (SUN) concentrations and longitudinal growth rate. The heights (mean+/-SEM) of growth cartilage (564+/-32 vs. 366+/-9 microm) and its hypertrophic zone (321+/-25 vs. 157+/-6 microm) were greater ( P<0.05) in uremic than control rats and were highly and positively correlated ( r=0.604, P<0.03 and r=0.706, P<0.01) with SUN levels. In study 2, the time course of growth plate alterations was investigated in uremic rats sacrificed 1 (NX-1), 2 (NX-2), and 4 weeks (NX-4) after nephrectomy compared with their corresponding control animals (C-1, C-2, C-4). Growth cartilage and hypertrophic zone heights were greater in NX-2 (533+/-60 and 264+/-32 microm) than in C-2 (345+/-10 and 131+/-11 microm), with no significant differences in the other groups. This report shows that enlargement of the growth plate and its hypertrophic stratum is greatly, although not exclusively, influenced by the severity and duration of renal insufficiency.

Citing Articles

Associations between collagen X biomarker and linear growth velocity in a pediatric chronic kidney disease cohort.

Brown D, Roem J, Ng D, Coghlan R, Johnstone B, Horton W Pediatr Nephrol. 2023; 38(12):4145-4156.

PMID: 37466864 PMC: 10642619. DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06047-0.

Innovative Three-Dimensional Microscopic Analysis of Uremic Growth Plate Discloses Alterations in the Process of Chondrocyte Hypertrophy: Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment.

Fernandez-Iglesias A, Fuente R, Gil-Pena H, Alonso-Duran L, Garcia-Bengoa M, Santos F Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21(12).

PMID: 32630463 PMC: 7350242. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124519.

Growth plate alterations in chronic kidney disease.

Fernandez-Iglesias A, Lopez J, Santos F Pediatr Nephrol. 2018; 35(3):367-374.

PMID: 30552565 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4160-7.

Lengthening of mouse hindlimbs with joint loading.

Zhang P, Hamamura K, Turner C, Yokota H J Bone Miner Metab. 2009; 28(3):268-75.

PMID: 19890688 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-009-0135-x.

Growth of prepubertal children on dialysis.

Stefanidis C, Klaus G Pediatr Nephrol. 2007; 22(9):1251-9.

PMID: 17401584 PMC: 6904393. DOI: 10.1007/s00467-007-0481-7.

References

Urena P, Ferreira A, Morieux C, Drueke T, De Vernejoul M . PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA is down-regulated in epiphyseal cartilage growth plate of uraemic rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996; 11(10):2008-16. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027089. View

Sanchez C, He Y . Effects of thyroparathyroidectomy, exogenous calcium, and short-term calcitriol therapy on the growth plate in renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002; 14(1):148-58. DOI: 10.1097/01.asn.0000039565.56011.be. View

Mehls O, Ritz E, Gilli G, Schmidt-Gayk H, Krempien B, Kourist B . Skeletal changes and growth in experimental uremia. Nephron. 1977; 18(5):288-300. DOI: 10.1159/000180845. View

Sanchez C, Salusky I, Kuizon B, Abdella P, Juppner H, Goodman W . Growth of long bones in renal failure: roles of hyperparathyroidism, growth hormone and calcitriol. Kidney Int. 1998; 54(6):1879-87. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00199.x. View

Alvarez J, Balbin M, Fernandez M, Lopez J . Collagen metabolism is markedly altered in the hypertrophic cartilage of growth plates from rats with growth impairment secondary to chronic renal failure. J Bone Miner Res. 2001; 16(3):511-24. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.3.511. View

Sanchez C, Kuizon B, Abdella P, Juppner H, Salusky I, Goodman W . Impaired growth, delayed ossification, and reduced osteoclastic activity in the growth plate of calcium-supplemented rats with renal failure. Endocrinology. 2000; 141(4):1536-44. DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.4.7436. View

Sanchez C, He Y . Alterations in the growth plate cartilage of rats with renal failure receiving corticosteroid therapy. Bone. 2002; 30(5):692-8. DOI: 10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00696-8. View

Mehls O, Ritz E, Hunziker E, Eggli P, Heinrich U, Zapf J . Improvement of growth and food utilization by human recombinant growth hormone in uremia. Kidney Int. 1988; 33(1):45-52. DOI: 10.1038/ki.1988.7. View

Hanna J, Santos F, Foreman J, Chan J, Han V . Insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in the tibial epiphyseal growth plate of growth hormone-treated uremic rats. Kidney Int. 1995; 47(5):1374-82. DOI: 10.1038/ki.1995.193. View

10.

Kovacs G, Oh J, KOVACS J, Tonshoff B, Hunziker E, Zapf J . Growth promoting effects of growth hormone and IGF-I are additive in experimental uremia. Kidney Int. 1996; 49(5):1413-21. DOI: 10.1038/ki.1996.199. View

11.

TRUETA J, Amato V . The vascular contribution to osteogenesis. III. Changes in the growth cartilage caused by experimentally induced ischaemia. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1960; 42-B:571-87. DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.42B3.571. View

12.

Amil B, Fernandez-Fuente M, Santos F, Rodriguez J, Diaz-Tejon L, Garcia E . [Effect of growth hormone and calcitriol on the growth plate in uremic rats]. Nefrologia. 2003; 23 Suppl 2:23-6. View

13.

Chantler C, Lieberman E, HOLLIDAY M . A rat model for the study of growth failure in uremia. Pediatr Res. 1974; 8(2):109-13. DOI: 10.1203/00006450-197402000-00007. View

14.

Cobo A, Lopez J, Carbajo E, Santos F, Alvarez J, Fernandez M . Growth plate cartilage formation and resorption are differentially depressed in growth retarded uremic rats. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999; 10(5):971-9. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V105971. View

15.

Santos F, Cobo A, Orejas G, Martinez V, Rey C, Malaga S . Analysis of growth in five-sixths-nephrectomized rats. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1996; 22(1-3):83-7. View

16.

Cobo A, Carbajo E, Santos F, Garcia E, Lopez J . Morphometry of uremic rat growth plate. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1996; 22(1-3):192-5. View

17.

Santos F, Chan J, Hanna J, Niimi K, Krieg Jr R, Wellons M . The effect of growth hormone on the growth failure of chronic renal failure. Pediatr Nephrol. 1992; 6(3):262-6. DOI: 10.1007/BF00878363. View

18.

Edmondson S, Baker N, Oh J, Kovacs G, Werther G, Mehls O . Growth hormone receptor abundance in tibial growth plates of uremic rats: GH/IGF-I treatment. Kidney Int. 2000; 58(1):62-70. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00141.x. View

19.

Hunziker E, Schenk R, Cruz-Orive L . Quantitation of chondrocyte performance in growth-plate cartilage during longitudinal bone growth. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987; 69(2):162-73. View

20.

Kovacs G, Fine R, Worgall S, Schaefer F, Hunziker E, Mehls O . Growth hormone prevents steroid-induced growth depression in health and uremia. Kidney Int. 1991; 40(6):1032-40. DOI: 10.1038/ki.1991.311. View