An Economic Evaluation of the Cost of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Results of a Retrospective Study on 239 Patients

Objective: To evaluate the cost of foot ulcers in diabetic patients.

Methods: Retrospective pharmacoeconomic study using direct and indirect costs (sick leave days) from the perspective of French social security system.

Results: 239 patients were included in the study by 80 physicians who treat diabetic patients suffering from foot ulcers. Initially identified by telephone survey, these physicians were primarily endocrinologists/diabetologists, general practitioners and surgeons. Average monthly costs in the treatment of foot ulcers were 697 euro; for outpatient care, 1556.20 euro; for hospital care (day treatment and short stays), and 34.76 euro; for sick leaves. When hospitalization was required, it represented approximately 70% of the average cost for foot ulcers. The portion of outpatient costs was principally generated by medical and paramedical treatments, and interventions carried out by healthcare personnel. On the other hand, medication only represented 10% of total costs. The initial severity of the pathology was a determinant clinical factor of high healthcare costs. In addition, the more recent the lesion was, the higher the cost of treatment. Amputation and follow-up by specialists were correlated to high costs as well, a logical result of these clinical factors.

Conclusion: This analysis is the first to evaluate the cost of treating foot ulcers in such a large population of diabetic patients. The economic outcomes should help direct public authorities in their choices, particularly as regards the interest of treating these diabetes-related complications as early as possible.