Minor Gland and Whole Saliva in Postmenopausal Women Using a Low Potency Oestrogen (oestriol)

Many women undergo hormone replacement therapy in order to relieve menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms. Oral discomfort is common among these symptoms and studies have shown that the stimulated whole saliva flow rate is increased after combined oestradiol and progesterone replacement therapy. There is, however, no data regarding the effect of other oestrogens or of oestrogen alone on whole and minor gland saliva. In the present study, the flow rate from minor salivary glands (buccal, labial and palatal) and the secretion rate and buffer capacity of whole saliva was examined in 18 postmenopausal women (61-76 years) prior to, and during 1 year of a low potency oestrogen (oestriol) use. The ability of whole saliva to aggregate and mediate bacterial adherence as well as subjective feelings of dry mouth was also examined. For comparison, the same variables were examined in nine peri- and postmenopausal, non-medicated women (reference group, 53-61 years). During hormone treatment, the labial saliva flow was significantly increased and the complaints of dry mouth reduced. Increased stimulated whole saliva flow was seen in both the hormone and reference groups. This was also true for the stimulated whole saliva buffer capacity, which was increased parallel to the flow rate. The secretion rates were generally lower in the hormone group compared to the reference group throughout the study period. Except for stimulated whole saliva, statistical analysis at baseline revealed no age-related reduction of the saliva flow rates. The ability of whole saliva to mediate aggregation of Actinomyces naeslundii was significantly decreased after hormone treatment. Thus, the present findings indicate that a low dose oestrogen (oestriol) may affect the flow rate of labial salivary glands and the bacterial aggregation activity of whole saliva.