[Risk Factors for Hospitalization Due to Acute Diarrhea in Children Under Two Years Old: a Case-control Study]

The aim of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic, demographic, and biological determinants of hospitalization due to acute diarrhea (AD) in children under two years old. The hospital-based, case-control study was conducted from May to October 1997 in a pediatric hospital in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Cases (n = 185) were children hospitalized due to AD, and controls (n = 185) were children with various diseases (except AD) presenting in the previous 15 days in the same area and time period. Data analysis used the Epi Info and Stata software. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by multiple logistic regression to control confounding factors, considering a hierarchical risk factor model. Investigation using the proposed model showed an association between hospitalization due to AD and packed earth or plank floors in the house, greater multiparity, age of child under six months, and severity of bouts of diarrhea, which depended on the interaction between unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, younger age of the child, and severity of the diarrhea.