Synaptology of the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Overview

Journal Cell Tissue Res

Specialties Anatomy & Histology
Cell Biology

Date 1976 Jan 28

PMID 1260842

Citations 23

Authors

F H Guldner

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the rat the fine structure of the synapses and some features of their topological arrangement were studied. Five types of synapses could be distinguished with certainty: A. Two types of Gray-type-I (GTI) or asymmetrical synapses (approximately 33%). The presynaptic elements contain strikingly different types of mitochondria. Size of clear vesicles: approximately 450 A. Synapses with subjunctional bodies often occur, among these also "crest synapses". Localization: dendritic shafts and spines, rarely somata. B. Three types of Gray-type-2 (GTII) or symmetrical synapses (approximately 66%):1) Axo-dendritic and -somatic (=AD) synapses. Size of clear vesicles: approximately 500 A. 2) Invaginated axo-dendritic and -somatic (=IAD) synapses with club-like postsynaptic protrusions within the presynaptic elements (PreE1). Size of clear vesicles is very variable: approximately 400-1,000 A. 3) Dendro-dendritic, -somatic and somato-dendritic (=DD) synapses occurring at least partly in reciprocal arrangements. They represent an intrinsic system. Shape of clear vesicles: often oval; sucrose treatment partly produces flattening. Dense core-vesicles (dcv) are found in all GTII- and most of the GTI-synapses after three-dimensional reconstruction. All types of synapses (mostly GTII-synapses) can be enclosed by multilamellar astroglial formations. The synapses often occur in complex synaptic arrangements. Dendrites and somata of females show significantly more multivesiculated bodies than those of males. Further pecularities of presynaptic (PreELs) and postsynaptic elements (PostELs) within the SCN are described and discussed.

Citing Articles

Generation and Disruption of Circadian Rhythms in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: A Core-Shell Model.

Goltsev A, Wright E, Mendes J, Yoon S J Biol Rhythms. 2022; 37(5):545-561.

PMID: 35848398 PMC: 9452856. DOI: 10.1177/07487304221107834.

Genesis of the Master Circadian Pacemaker in Mice.

Cheng A, Cheng H Front Neurosci. 2021; 15:659974.

PMID: 33833665 PMC: 8021851. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.659974.

Synaptic Specializations of Melanopsin-Retinal Ganglion Cells in Multiple Brain Regions Revealed by Genetic Label for Light and Electron Microscopy.

Kim K, Rios L, Le H, Perez A, Phan S, Bushong E Cell Rep. 2019; 29(3):628-644.e6.

PMID: 31618632 PMC: 7045601. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.006.

Circuit development in the master clock network of mammals.

Carmona-Alcocer V, Rohr K, Joye D, Evans J Eur J Neurosci. 2018; 51(1):82-108.

PMID: 30402923 PMC: 6502707. DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14259.

Connectome of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: New Evidence of the Core-Shell Relationship.

Varadarajan S, Tajiri M, Jain R, Holt R, Ahmed Q, LeSauter J eNeuro. 2018; 5(5).

PMID: 30283813 PMC: 6168316. DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0205-18.2018.

References

Swanson L, Cowan W, Jones E . An autoradiographic study of the efferent connections of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus in the albino rat and the cat. J Comp Neurol. 1974; 156(2):143-63. DOI: 10.1002/cne.901560203. View

Hendrickson A, Wagoner N, Cowan W . An autoradiographic and electron microscopic study of retino-hypothalamic connections. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1972; 135(1):1-26. DOI: 10.1007/BF00307084. View

Harreveld A, Trubatch J . Synaptic changes in frog brain after stimulation with potassium chloride. J Neurocytol. 1975; 4(1):33-46. DOI: 10.1007/BF01099093. View

Tigges M, Tigges J, Lange R . Tilt analysis of pleomorphic vesicles in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of Galago and chimpanzee. J Neurocytol. 1975; 4(3):289-300. DOI: 10.1007/BF01102114. View

Baumgarten H, Lachenmayer L . 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine: improvement in chemical lesioning of indoleamine neurons in the mammalian brain. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1972; 135(3):399-414. DOI: 10.1007/BF00307184. View

THORPE P . The presence of a retinohypothalamic projection in the ferret. Brain Res. 1975; 85(2):343-6. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90093-1. View

Peters A . The small pyramidal neuron of the rat cerebral cortex. The synapses upon dendritic spines. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1969; 100(4):487-506. DOI: 10.1007/BF00344370. View

Morris J, Cannata M . A possible origin of pale neurosecretory granules in the neurohypophysis. J Anat. 1972; 111(Pt 2):345-7. View

Gray E . The cytonet, plain and coated vesicles, reticulosomes, multivesicular bodies and nuclear pores. Brain Res. 1973; 62(2):329-35. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(73)90693-8. View

10.

BIRKS R, Mackey M, Weldon P . Organelle formation from pinocytotic elements in neurites of cultured sympathetic ganglia. J Neurocytol. 1972; 1(4):311-40. DOI: 10.1007/BF01102938. View

11.

VANDESANDE F, Demey J, Dierickx K . Identification of neurophysin producing cells. I. The origin of the neurophysin-like substance-containing nerve fibres of the external region of the median eminence of the rat. Cell Tissue Res. 1974; 151(2):187-200. DOI: 10.1007/BF00222222. View

12.

Whittaker V, Zimmermann H, Dowdall M . The biochemistry of cholinergic synapses as exemplified by the electric organ of Torpedo. J Neural Transm. 1975; Suppl 12:39-60. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8384-7_2. View

13.

Heuser J, Reese T . Evidence for recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane during transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction. J Cell Biol. 1973; 57(2):315-44. PMC: 2108984. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.57.2.315. View

14.

Moore R, Lenn N . A retinohypothalamic projection in the rat. J Comp Neurol. 1972; 146(1):1-14. DOI: 10.1002/cne.901460102. View

15.

Gray E . Axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses of the cerebral cortex: an electron microscope study. J Anat. 1959; 93:420-33. PMC: 1244535. View

16.

Conrad C, Stumpf W . Retinal projections traced with thaw-mount autoradiography and multiple injections of tritiated precursor or precursor cocktail. Cell Tissue Res. 1974; 155(3):283-90. DOI: 10.1007/BF00222807. View

17.

Baylor D, Nicholls J . Changes in extracellular potassium concentration produced by neuronal activity in the central nervous system of the leech. J Physiol. 1969; 203(3):555-69. PMC: 1351530. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008879. View

18.

Clattenburg R, Singh R, MONTEMURRO D . Post-coital ultrastructural changes in neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rabbit. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1972; 125(4):448-59. DOI: 10.1007/BF00306653. View

19.

Wolff J, Schieweck C, EMMENEGGER H, Meier-Ruge W . Cerebrovascular ultrastructural alterations after intra-arterial infusions of ouabain, scilla-glycosides, heparin and histamine. Acta Neuropathol. 1975; 31(1):45-58. DOI: 10.1007/BF00696886. View

20.

Fuxe K . EVIDENCE FOR THE EXISTENCE OF MONOAMINE NEURONS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. IV. DISTRIBUTION OF MONOAMINE NERVE TERMINALS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1965; :SUPPL 247:37+. View