Recent Advances in Vaccine Adjuvants

Overview

Journal Pharm Res

Specialties Pharmacology
Pharmacy

Date 2002 Jul 24

PMID 12134940

Citations 54

Authors

Manmohan Singh

Derek T OHagan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

New generation vaccines, particularly those based on recombinant proteins and DNA, are likely to be less reactogenic than traditional vaccines but are also less immunogenic. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new and improved vaccine adjuvants. Adjuvants can be broadly separated into two classes based on their principal mechanisms of action: vaccine delivery systems and immunostimulatory adjuvants. Vaccine-delivery systems generally are particulate (e.g., emulsions, microparticles, iscoms, and liposomes) and function mainly to target associated antigens into antigen-resenting cells. In contrast, immunostimulatory adjuvants are derived predominantly from pathogens and often represent pathogen-ssociated molecular patterns (e.g., lipopolysaccaride, monophosphoryl lipid A, CpG DNA). which activate cells of the innate immune system. Recent progress in innate immunity is beginning to yield insight into the initiation of immune responses and the ways in which immunostimulatory adjuvants may enhance this process. The discovery of more potent adjuvants may allow the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against cancers and chronic infectious diseases. In addition, new adjuvants may also allow vaccines to be delivered mucosally.

Citing Articles

A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Study to Assess the Adjuvanticity of Three Peptides in an Oral Vaccine.

Saldanha L, Langel U, Vale N Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(6).

PMID: 38931901 PMC: 11207434. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060780.

Current Progress in the Science of Novel Adjuvant Nano-Vaccine-Induced Protective Immune Responses.

Saleemi M, Zhang Y, Zhang G Pathogens. 2024; 13(6).

PMID: 38921739 PMC: 11206999. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060441.

Vaccine adjuvants: current status, research and development, licensing, and future opportunities.

Cui Y, Ho M, Hu Y, Shi Y J Mater Chem B. 2024; 12(17):4118-4137.

PMID: 38591323 PMC: 11180427. DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02861e.

Potential of DPD ((S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione) Analogs in Microparticulate Formulation as Vaccine Adjuvants.

Joshi D, Shah S, Chbib C, Uddin M Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024; 17(2).

PMID: 38399399 PMC: 10891675. DOI: 10.3390/ph17020184.

Small GTPase-A Key Role in Host Cell for Coronavirus Infection and a Potential Target for Coronavirus Vaccine Adjuvant Discovery.

Hou W, Wang S, Wu H, Xue L, Wang B, Wang S Viruses. 2022; 14(9).

PMID: 36146850 PMC: 9504349. DOI: 10.3390/v14092044.

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