Induction of an AIDS Virus-related Tuberculosis-like Disease in Macaques: a Model of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus- Mycobacterium Coinfection

Overview

Journal Infect Immun

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2002 Jan 18

PMID 11796622

Citations 35

Authors

Yun Shen

Dejiang Zhou

Laura Chalifoux

Ling Shen

Meredith Simon

Xuejun Zeng

Xioamin Lai

Yunyuan Li

Prabhat Sehgal

Norman L Letvin

Zheng W Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection facilitates development of HIV-related tuberculosis is poorly characterized. Macaque models of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV(mac))-Mycobacterium bovis BCG coinfection were employed to explore the pathogenesis of AIDS virus-related tuberculosis. Following BCG coinfection, SIV (SIV)-infected macaques with high viral loads developed an SIV-related tuberculosis-like disease. This disease was characterized clinically by a syndrome of diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss, and altered levels of consciousness and pathologically by the presence of disseminated granulomas. In contrast, SIV(mac)-infected macaques with low viral loads either showed no evidence of BCG-induced disease or developed focal granulomatous lesions. Pathogenic SIV-BCG interactions appeared to play a critical role in triggering the development of this SIV-related tuberculosis-like disease. BCG coinfection enhanced the destruction of CD4(+) T cells in SIV(mac)-infected macaques whose viral loads were high. Reciprocally, exacerbations of SIV disease led to marked suppression of BCG-specific T-cell responses, persistence of the BCG infection, and development of an SIV-related tuberculosis-like disease. Furthermore, development of this SIV-related tuberculosis-like disease was also seen in naïve macaques simultaneously inoculated with SIV(mac) and BCG. These results provide in vivo evidence that coinfection of AIDS virus-infected individuals with an avirulent mycobacterium can lead to development of a tuberculosis-like disease.

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