Age-related Changes in Contractile Responses of Rabbit Lower Urinary Tract to Endothelin

Purpose: As there are significant amounts of endothelin (ET) receptors in the mammalian urinary tract, we investigated the pharmacological properties and localization of ET receptors in the rabbit lower urinary tract as a function of age.

Materials And Methods: The characteristics of ET receptors in bladder dome, trigone and urethra of 6 weeks and 6 months old male rabbits were determined using muscle bath and autoradiographic techniques.

Results: ET-1 produces significant contractile responses in smooth muscle strips from bladder dome, trigone, and urethra in both 6 weeks and 6 months old rabbits. Although there was no significant difference in the maximum contractile response of urethral muscle strips to ET-1 between 6 weeks and 6 months old rabbits, the maximum responses to ET-1 were higher in both bladder dome and trigone of 6 weeks than 6 months old rabbits. A selective ETA receptor antagonist, BQ 610, shifted the concentration response curve to ET-1 to the right without decreasing maximal contractile responses in all regions from both age groups, whereas a selective ETB receptor antagonist, IRL 1038, had no significant effect on the contractile response in these tissues. Autoradiographic studies indicate that both ET receptor subtypes are expressed in bladder dome, trigone, and urethra with the ETA subtype being located only in the smooth muscle layers and the ETB subtype being located in both the urothelial and smooth muscle layers.

Conclusion: Our data indicate the presence of region- and age-dependent differences in the contractile properties of ET receptors in the male rabbit lower urinary tract. Although both ETA and ETB receptor subtypes are present in the smooth muscle layers, the ETA receptor is the sub-type that is primarily involved in the mediation of contractions.