[Severe Obstetric Complications Nescessitating Hospitalization and Intensive Care: a Ten Year Retrospective Study]

Objectives: To assess the serious maternal morbidity during pregnancy, delivery and post partum, which led to an hospitalization in a medical or surgical intensive care unit.

Study Design: A Retrospective study was carried out on a period of ten years, from July 1986 to July 1996, in the University Teaching Hospital of Besançon.

Patients: The criterions of inclusion come from the definition of the serious maternal morbidity decided by the Inserm: any admission of a pregnant woman in a medical or surgical intensive care unit in the 42 days of the post-partum, whatever the term of the pregnancy and the type of the post-partum, extra uterine pregnancy, spontaneous miscarriage and medical or voluntary abortion.

Methods: Forty-six patient's medical file hospitalized in a medical or surgical intensive care unit between July, 1st 1986 and July, 31st 1996, have been studied.

Results: The analysis of the cause underline the gravity of the pathologies handled with young patients and initially healthy, the short length of controlled ventilation and hospitalization, the avoidability of great number of transfer in an intensive care unit, and the lack of hospitalization due to anaesthesia. The frequency of hospitalisation in an intensive care unit during and after the pregnancy was estimated at 0.17% of lives births.

Conclusion: The serious maternal morbidity could be an indicator of the quality of the obstetrics cares which would complete the study of the maternal mortality. The potential gravity of the complication of the pregnancy and the delivery require better care of this patients.