Cyt1A from Bacillus Thuringiensis Synergizes Activity of Bacillus Sphaericus Against Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Overview

Journal Appl Environ Microbiol

Specialties Environmental Health
Microbiology

Date 2000 Mar 4

PMID 10698776

Citations 24

Authors

M C Wirth

B A Federici

W E Walton

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Bacillus sphaericus is a mosquitocidal bacterium recently developed as a commercial larvicide that is used worldwide to control pestiferous and vector mosquitoes. Whereas B. sphaericus is highly active against larvae of Culex and Anopheles mosquitoes, it is virtually nontoxic to Aedes aegypti, an important vector species. In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of the cytolytic protein Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to enhance the toxicity of B. sphaericus toward A. aegypti. Various combinations of these two materials were evaluated, and all were highly toxic. A ratio of 10:1 of B. sphaericus to Cyt1A was 3, 600-fold more toxic to A. aegypti than B. sphaericus alone. Statistical analysis showed this high activity was due to synergism between the Cyt1A toxin and B. sphaericus. These results suggest that Cyt1A could be useful in expanding the host range of B. sphaericus.

Citing Articles

The Perpetual Vector Mosquito Threat and Its Eco-Friendly Nemeses.

Miranda L, Rudd S, Mena O, Hudspeth P, Barboza-Corona J, Park H Biology (Basel). 2024; 13(3).

PMID: 38534451 PMC: 10968120. DOI: 10.3390/biology13030182.

The Crystal Structure of Tpp80Aa1 and Its Interaction with Galactose-Containing Glycolipids.

Best H, Williamson L, Lipka-Lloyd M, Waller-Evans H, Lloyd-Evans E, Rizkallah P Toxins (Basel). 2022; 14(12).

PMID: 36548760 PMC: 9784298. DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120863.

Effectiveness of a Buffalo Turbine and A1 Mist Sprayer for the Areawide Deployment of Larvicide for Mosquito Control in an Urban Residential Setting.

Burtis J, Bickerton M, Indelicato N, Poggi J, Crans S, Harrington L J Med Entomol. 2022; 59(3):903-910.

PMID: 35289899 PMC: 10601396. DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac017.

Bacterial Toxins Active against Mosquitoes: Mode of Action and Resistance.

Silva-Filha M, Romao T, Rezende T, da Silva Carvalho K, Gouveia de Menezes H, do Nascimento N Toxins (Basel). 2021; 13(8).

PMID: 34437394 PMC: 8402332. DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080523.

In vivo nanoscale analysis of the dynamic synergistic interaction of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11Aa and Cyt1Aa toxins in Aedes aegypti.

Lopez-Molina S, do Nascimento N, Silva-Filha M, Guerrero A, Sanchez J, Pacheco S PLoS Pathog. 2021; 17(1):e1009199.

PMID: 33465145 PMC: 7846010. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009199.

References

Wirth M, Delecluse A, Federici B, Walton W . Variable cross-resistance to Cry11B from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) resistant to single or multiple toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998; 64(11):4174-9. PMC: 106624. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.11.4174-4179.1998. View

Georghiou G, Wirth M . Influence of Exposure to Single versus Multiple Toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on Development of Resistance in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997; 63(3):1095-101. PMC: 1389136. DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.3.1095-1101.1997. View

Schnepf E, Crickmore N, Van Rie J, Lereclus D, Baum J, Feitelson J . Bacillus thuringiensis and its pesticidal crystal proteins. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998; 62(3):775-806. PMC: 98934. DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.62.3.775-806.1998. View

Trisrisook M, Pantuwatana S, Bhumiratana A, Panbangred W . Molecular cloning of the 130-kilodalton mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in Bacillus sphaericus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990; 56(6):1710-6. PMC: 184498. DOI: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1710-1716.1990. View

Thiery I, Delecluse A, Tamayo M, Orduz S . Identification of a gene for Cyt1A-like hemolysin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. medellin and expression in a crystal-negative B. thuringiensis strain. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997; 63(2):468-73. PMC: 168337. DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.2.468-473.1997. View

Waalwijk C, Dullemans A, van Workum M, Visser B . Molecular cloning and the nucleotide sequence of the Mr 28 000 crystal protein gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985; 13(22):8207-17. PMC: 322120. DOI: 10.1093/nar/13.22.8207. View

THOMAS W, Ellar D . Mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis insecticidal delta-endotoxin. FEBS Lett. 1983; 154(2):362-8. DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80183-5. View

Aly C, Mulla M, Federici B . Ingestion, dissolution, and proteolysis of the Bacillus sphaericus toxin by mosquito larvae. J Invertebr Pathol. 1989; 53(1):12-20. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(89)90068-2. View

Servant P, Rosso M, Hamon S, Poncet S, Del cluse A, Rapoport G . Production of Cry11A and Cry11Ba toxins in Bacillus sphaericus confers toxicity towards Aedes aegypti and resistant Culex populations. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999; 65(7):3021-6. PMC: 91451. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.65.7.3021-3026.1999. View

10.

Broadwell A, Baumann P . Sporulation-associated activation of Bacillus sphaericus larvicide. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986; 52(4):758-64. PMC: 239110. DOI: 10.1128/aem.52.4.758-764.1986. View

11.

Cheong H, Gill S . Cloning and characterization of a cytolytic and mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997; 63(8):3254-60. PMC: 168624. DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.8.3254-3260.1997. View

12.

Ibarra J, Federici B . Isolation of a relatively nontoxic 65-kilodalton protein inclusion from the parasporal body of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. J Bacteriol. 1986; 165(2):527-33. PMC: 214451. DOI: 10.1128/jb.165.2.527-533.1986. View

13.

Park H, Ge B, Bauer L, Federici B . Optimization of Cry3A yields in Bacillus thuringiensis by use of sporulation-dependent promoters in combination with the STAB-SD mRNA sequence. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998; 64(10):3932-8. PMC: 106581. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3932-3938.1998. View

14.

Guerchicoff A, Ugalde R, Rubinstein C . Identification and characterization of a previously undescribed cyt gene in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997; 63(7):2716-21. PMC: 168567. DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.7.2716-2721.1997. View

15.

Nielsen-LeRoux C, Pasquier F, Charles J, Sinegre G, Gaven B, Pasteur N . Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus involves different mechanisms in Culex pipiens (Diptera:Culicidae) larvae. J Med Entomol. 1997; 34(3):321-7. DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/34.3.321. View

16.

Berry C, Hindley J, Ehrhardt A, Grounds T, de Souza I, DAVIDSON E . Genetic determinants of host ranges of Bacillus sphaericus mosquito larvicidal toxins. J Bacteriol. 1993; 175(2):510-8. PMC: 196166. DOI: 10.1128/jb.175.2.510-518.1993. View

17.

BAR , Sandler , Makayoto , Keynan . Expression of chromosomally inserted bacillus thuringiensis israelensis toxin genes in bacillus sphaericus. J Invertebr Pathol. 1998; 72(3):206-13. DOI: 10.1006/jipa.1998.4787. View

18.

Thiery I, Hamon S, Delecluse A, Orduz S . The introduction into bacillus sphaericus of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. medellin Cyt1Ab1 gene results in higher susceptibility of resistant mosquito larva populations to B. sphaericus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998; 64(10):3910-6. PMC: 106577. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3910-3916.1998. View

19.

Wirth M, Walton W, Federici B . Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis restores toxicity of Bacillus sphaericus against resistant Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 2004; 37(3):401-7. View

20.

Rao D, Mani T, Rajendran R, Joseph A, Gajanana A, Reuben R . Development of a high level of resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field population of Culex quinquefasciatus from Kochi, India. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1995; 11(1):1-5. View