Cross-reactivity Between Milk Proteins from Different Animal Species
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
Background: Cow's milk allergy is quite frequent in the first years of human life. When breast-feeding is not possible, a cow's milk substitute must be provided for allergic subjects. Different alternatives to cow's milk have been suggested as protein sources (soy, hydrolysed proteins, goat's milk, etc.), but all these dietetic solutions are not without risks for polyallergic or more sensitive subjects.
Objective: To obtain new information on the suitability of other mammalian milks for allergic children, we evaluated the cross-reactivity between milk proteins from different animal species.
Methods: Milk samples were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). To detect antibody-antigen complexes, immunoblotting was performed by using sera from children allergic to cow's and ewe's milk (RAST class >/= 4) and monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) specific for bovine proteins (caseins and beta-lactoglobulin).
Results: IgEs from children allergic to cow's milk are capable of recognizing most part of milk proteins from mammals bred in European countries (ewe, goat, buffalo), while no serum used in this study contains IgEs reacting with camel's milk proteins. Camel's milk was also not recognized from circulating IgEs from a child specifically allergic to ewe's milk. Specific antibovine monoclonal antibodies cross-reacted with proteins from other mammalian species, apart from those of camel.
Conclusions: Homologies in amino acidic composition could justify the cross-reactivity observed between proteins from different animal species. On the other hand, the phylogenetic difference could be responsible for the failed recognition of camel's proteins by circulating IgEs and monoclonal antibodies.
Almasri R, Bedir A, Ranneh Y, El-Tarabily K, Al Raish S Nutrients. 2024; 16(22).
PMID: 39599634 PMC: 11597306. DOI: 10.3390/nu16223848.
L'allergie aux protéines du lait de vache chez les nourrissons et les enfants.
Sathya P, Fenton T Paediatr Child Health. 2024; 29(6):382-396.
PMID: 39539787 PMC: 11557140. DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxae042.
Cow's milk protein allergy in infants and children.
Sathya P, Fenton T Paediatr Child Health. 2024; 29(6):382-396.
PMID: 39539784 PMC: 11557147. DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxae043.
The Feline and the Swine: A Peculiar Case in an Allergy Clinic.
Kile M, Lucas M, Ganguli M, Dimov V Cureus. 2023; 15(9):e46284.
PMID: 37908934 PMC: 10615587. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46284.
Cow's milk-induced gastrointestinal disorders: From infancy to adulthood.
Al-Beltagi M, Saeed N, Bediwy A, Elbeltagi R World J Clin Pediatr. 2022; 11(6):437-454.
PMID: 36439902 PMC: 9685681. DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i6.437.