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Substrate-induced Closure of the Flap Domain in the Ternary Complex Structures Provides Insights into the Mechanism of Catalysis by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase

Overview
Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Specialty Science
Date 1999 Jun 23
PMID 10377386
Citations 34
Authors
L Tabernero
D A Bochar
V W Rodwell
C V Stauffacher
Affiliations
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Abstract

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme and the first committed step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in mammals. We have determined the crystal structures of two nonproductive ternary complexes of HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA/NAD+ and mevalonate/NADH, at 2.8 A resolution. In the structure of the Pseudomonas mevalonii apoenzyme, the last 50 residues of the C terminus (the flap domain), including the catalytic residue His381, were not visible. The structures of the ternary complexes reported here reveal a substrate-induced closing of the flap domain that completes the active site and aligns the catalytic histidine proximal to the thioester of HMG-CoA. The structures also present evidence that Lys267 is critically involved in catalysis and provide insights into the catalytic mechanism.

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